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This list of birds recorded in Minnesota is based on the list published by the Minnesota Ornithologists' Union. The following markings are used: *(C) Casual - a species seen fewer than nine times in the past ten years but more than twice *(A) Accidental - a species seen fewer than three times in the past ten years *(E) Extinct - a recent species that no longer exists *(I) Introduced - a species which was introduced, either directly or indirectly, to North America through the actions of humans Birds listed as either casual or accidental should not be expected to be found anywhere in Minnesota with regularity. Except for the casual and accidental birds, only birds that are considered to have established, self-sustaining, wild populations in Minnesota or, in the case of extinct species, have had such populations in Minnesota in the past are included on this list. This means that birds that are considered probable escapees, although they may have been sighted flying free in Minnesota, are not included. This list is presented in taxonomic order and follows ''The Check-list of North American Birds'' (7th edition, 1998) published by the American Ornithologists' Union. The family accounts at the beginning of each heading reflect this taxonomy, as do the species counts found in each family account. Introduced, casual, accidental and extinct species are included in the total species counts for North America and Minnesota. __NOTOC__ ==Ducks, geese and swans== Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils. *Black-bellied whistling-duck, ''Dendrocygna autumnalis'' (C) *Fulvous whistling-duck, ''Dendrocygna bicolor'' (A) *Greater white-fronted goose, ''Anser albifrons'' *Snow goose, ''Chen caerulescens'' *Ross's goose, ''Chen rossii'' *Brant, ''Branta bernicla'' (A) *Canada goose, ''Branta canadensis'' *Cackling goose, ''Branta hutchinsonii'' *Mute swan, ''Cygnus olor'' (I) *Trumpeter swan, ''Cygnus buccinator'' *Tundra swan, ''Cygnus columbianus'' *Wood duck, ''Aix sponsa'' *Gadwall, ''Anas strepera'' *Eurasian wigeon, ''Anas penelope'' (C) *American wigeon, ''Anas americana'' *American black duck, ''Anas rubripes'' *Mallard, ''Anas platyrhynchos'' *Blue-winged teal, ''Anas discors'' *Cinnamon teal, ''Anas cyanoptera'' (C) *Northern shoveler, ''Anas clypeata'' *Northern pintail, ''Anas acuta'' *Garganey, ''Anas querquedula'' (A) *Green-winged teal, ''Anas crecca'' *Canvasback, ''Aythya valisineria'' *Redhead, ''Aythya americana'' *Ring-necked duck, ''Aythya collaris'' *Greater scaup, ''Aythya marila'' *Lesser scaup, ''Aythya affinis'' *King eider, ''Somateria spectabilis'' (C) *Common eider, ''Somateria mollissima'' (A) *Harlequin duck, ''Histrionicus histrionicus'' *Surf scoter, ''Melanitta perspicillata'' *White-winged scoter, ''Melanitta fusca'' *Black scoter, ''Melanitta americana'' *Long-tailed duck, ''Clangula hyemalis'' *Bufflehead, ''Bucephala albeola'' *Common goldeneye, ''Bucephala clangula'' *Barrow's goldeneye, ''Bucephala islandica'' (C) *Smew, ''Mergellus albellus'' (A) *Hooded merganser, ''Lophodytes cucullatus'' *Common merganser, ''Mergus merganser'' *Red-breasted merganser, ''Mergus serrator'' *Ruddy duck, ''Oxyura jamaicensis'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of birds of Minnesota」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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